Signs of EPI in the GSD

Do you know the signs of EPI in the GSD? Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (also called EPI in the GSD) is a medical condition in which the pancreas stops producing enough digestive enzymes to digest food normally in the small intestine.

In dogs diagnosed to have Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, the German Shepherd Dog is very common as well as the Rough-coated Collie. One estimate shows that about 70% of dogs diagnosed with EPI are German Shepherds and 20% are Rough-coated Collies.

It's a shame how many German Shepherd owners don't know about this condition and how many Vets aren't up to speed on the evaluation and treatment of Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. EPI in the GSD can result from primary pancreatic disease or any number of diseases that interfere with the correct production of enzymes by the pancreas or of activation of the enzymes in the intestine.

Following is a brief explanation: the "exocrine" part of the pancreas produces the enzymes we use to digest our food properly. Without adequate production of these particular enzymes your GSD cannot digest its food properly.

If your German Shepherd can't digest it's food, it will not be able to absorb the food's nutrients properly as well. While this disorder can be potentially life threatening, especially in its acute form, it does respond well to ongoing and daily treatments.

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Typically, the exocrine functions of the pancreas can malfunction in one of two ways. First, in acute pancreatitis, the dog's pancreas becomes inflamed, causing vomiting and loss of appetite with resulting dehydration. This requires immediate veterinary attention.

Secondly, a previously healthy animal begins to exhibit some or all of the following symptoms: ravenous appetite, excessive water-drinking, and very soft "cow patty" stools. No matter how much the dog eats, it will be hungry soon after and will soon begin to lose weight. Typically, EPI in the GSD is presented in young adult dogs, usually between 1 to 5 years of age.

The diagnosis of Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency needs to be confirmed by use of laboratory tests. Diarrhea and foul smelling feces due to high fat content results, and because all the food ingredients are not being digested completely the German Shepherd will become malnourished.